天然(ran)二水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(CaSO4·2H2O)又(you)稱為生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),經過煅燒(shao)、磨細可得(de)β型(xing)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(CaSO4·1/2H2O),即建筑(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),又(you)稱熟(shu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)、灰(hui)泥。若(ruo)(ruo)煅燒(shao)溫度為190 °C可得(de)模型(xing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),其(qi)細度和(he)白(bai)度均(jun)(jun)比建筑(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)高。若(ruo)(ruo)將生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)在400-500 °C或高于800 °C下煅燒(shao),即得(de)地板石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),其(qi)凝(ning)結(jie)、硬(ying)化較慢(man),但(dan)硬(ying)化后強(qiang)度、耐磨性(xing)和(he)耐水性(xing)均(jun)(jun)較普通建筑(zhu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)為好。通常為白(bai)色(se)(se)、無色(se)(se),無色(se)(se)透明晶體稱為透石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),有時因含雜質而(er)成灰(hui)、淺黃、淺褐等色(se)(se)。
石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)屬(shu)單斜晶系,解理度(du)很高,容易(yi)裂開成(cheng)(cheng)薄片。將(jiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)加熱(re)100~200°C,失(shi)去部分(fen)結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶水(shui)(shui),可得(de)到(dao)(dao)半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。 α型半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶良好(hao)(hao)(hao)、堅實(shi)(shi); β型半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)是(shi)片狀并(bing)(bing)有裂紋的(de)晶體,結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶很細,比表面積比 α型半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)大得(de)多。生(sheng)(sheng)產石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)制(zhi)品(pin)時, α型半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)比 β型需水(shui)(shui)量(liang)少,制(zhi)品(pin)有較高的(de)密實(shi)(shi)度(du)和(he)(he)強(qiang)度(du)。通常用(yong)蒸(zheng)壓(ya)釜在飽和(he)(he)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)介質中蒸(zheng)煉而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)是(shi) α型半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),也稱(cheng)高強(qiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao);用(yong)炒鍋或回(hui)轉窯(yao)敞開裝置煅煉而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)是(shi)β型半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao),亦即建(jian)筑石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。半(ban)水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)與水(shui)(shui)拌和(he)(he)的(de)漿(jiang)體重新形成(cheng)(cheng)二水(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、在干燥過程中迅速凝(ning)結(jie)(jie)(jie)硬(ying)化(hua)而(er)獲(huo)得(de)強(qiang)度(du),但遇水(shui)(shui)則軟(ruan)化(hua)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)(jiao)凝(ning)材料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)建(jian)筑制(zhi)品(pin)的(de)主要原料(liao)(liao),也是(shi)硅酸鹽水(shui)(shui)泥的(de)緩凝(ning)劑。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)經600~800°C煅燒后(hou),加入少量(liang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰等催化(hua)劑共同磨(mo)細,可以得(de)到(dao)(dao)硬(ying)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)(jiao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)料(liao)(liao)(也稱(cheng)金氏(shi)膠(jiao)(jiao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)料(liao)(liao));經900~1000°C煅燒并(bing)(bing)磨(mo)細,可以得(de)到(dao)(dao)高溫煅燒石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。用(yong)這兩種(zhong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)制(zhi)得(de)的(de)制(zhi)品(pin),強(qiang)度(du)高于建(jian)筑石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)制(zhi)品(pin),而(er)且硬(ying)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)膠(jiao)(jiao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)料(liao)(liao)有較好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)隔熱(re)性,高溫煅燒石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)有較好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)耐磨(mo)性和(he)(he)抗水(shui)(shui)性。
目前,我們公司可設計(ji)生(sheng)產數十(shi)種(zhong)規格的(de)生(sheng)產線,并能根(gen)據(ju)用戶的(de)不(bu)同(tong)需求量身定做(zuo)不(bu)同(tong)生(sheng)產工藝的(de)生(sheng)產線。
階段(duan)
石膏粉(fen)生(sheng)產線(xian)采用國內成熟先進(jin)的工藝設備,如立式(shi)磨粉(fen)機、沸(fei)騰爐等。 |
階段
破(po)碎(sui)機將大尺寸的石膏礦石破(po)碎(sui)成(cheng)小(xiao)于30mm的小(xiao)塊顆粒,輸送(song)磨機進行(xing)粉磨; |
第三階(jie)段
選(xuan)粉(fen)機(ji)將(jiang)粉(fen)磨(mo)后達到產品所(suo)需(xu)細度(du)的石膏(gao)生粉(fen)送入沸騰爐進(jin)行煅燒,其余部分返回(hui)磨(mo)機(ji)進(jin)行再(zai)次粉(fen)磨(mo)直合格。沸騰爐是建(jian)筑石膏(gao)煅燒設(she)備中(zhong)在我國應用廣的設(she)備,該設(she)備結構簡單(dan),操作方便。 |
第(di)四(si)階(jie)段
煅燒后的合格石膏粉送入熟料倉(cang)儲(chu)存或送入制品車(che)間使用。 |
我公司設(she)計的石(shi)膏粉(fen)生(sheng)產(chan)線采用國內(nei)成熟先(xian)進的工藝設(she)備(bei),如歐版(ban)T形(xing)磨等。歐版(ban)T形(xing)磨是建筑(zhu)石(shi)膏煅燒設(she)備(bei)中在我國應用廣的設(she)備(bei)。結構簡單、小巧(qiao)、生(sheng)產(chan)能力大 設(she)備(bei)結構緊湊、不易(yi)損壞、占地面積小、耗(hao)損低(di)操作方便(bian)。
新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)具有輕(qing)質、高(gao)強度、保(bao)溫、節(jie)能、節(jie)土(tu)、裝(zhuang)飾等優(you)良特(te)性。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)不(bu)但(dan)使房屋功能大大改善,還可以(yi)使建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物內外更具現代氣息,滿足(zu)人(ren)們的(de)(de)審(shen)美(mei)要求。新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)性能和功用(yong)各不(bu)相同(tong),生(sheng)產新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)產品(pin)的(de)(de)原材(cai)(cai)料(liao)及工(gong)(gong)藝方法也(ye)各不(bu)相同(tong)。有的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)可以(yi)顯著(zhu)減輕(qing)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物自重,為推廣輕(qing)型建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結構創(chuang)造了條件,大大加快了建(jian)房速度。有的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)重在花(hua)色(se),如(ru)裝(zhuang)飾裝(zhuang)修材(cai)(cai)料(liao);有的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)重在功能,如(ru)保(bao)溫材(cai)(cai)料(liao);有的(de)(de)則(ze)通過深(shen)加工(gong)(gong)衍生(sheng)出多個品(pin)種(zhong),如(ru)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)等。以(yi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)為例。目前(qian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)有幾十個品(pin)種(zhong),其(qi)中紙面石膏板(ban)(ban)、玻璃纖維增(zeng)強水(shui)泥(GRC)板(ban)(ban)、無(wu)石棉硅鈣板(ban)(ban)是目前(qian)中國生(sheng)產量(liang)、應(ying)用(yong)普遍(bian)的(de)(de)三(san)種(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)。這(zhe)三(san)種(zhong)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)不(bu)但(dan)所(suo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)原料(liao)不(bu)同(tong),生(sheng)產工(gong)(gong)藝不(bu)同(tong),其(qi)性能和功用(yong)也(ye)不(bu)同(tong)。它們所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)原材(cai)(cai)料(liao)均為非(fei)金屬材(cai)(cai)料(liao)而(er)且(qie)很容易得到,采(cai)(cai)用(yong)它們作為原始板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai),再分(fen)別配上(shang)防(fang)(fang)滲、保(bao)溫、防(fang)(fang)火(huo)等功能材(cai)(cai)料(liao),采(cai)(cai)用(yong)復(fu)合技術,可生(sheng)產出各種(zhong)輕(qing)質和性能優(you)越的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型墻(qiang)體(ti)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)。